ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ ИЗВЕРЖЕНИЯ ВУЛКАНА ХУНГА-ТОНГА-ХУНГА-ХААПАЙ

The catastrophic phenomena of the Earth should include volcanic eruptions, which sometimes lead to the death of people, but mostly to significant economic losses. As a vivid example of the great catastrophism of these phenomena, we can cite the events associated with the eruption of the Krakatoa volcano, which began in May 1883 and ended with a series of powerful explosions on August 26 and 27, 1883, as a result of which most of the island of Krakatoa was destroyed. More recently, approximately the same event occurred, but its power was much less than the power of the eruption and explosion of the Krakatoa volcano. On December 20, 2021, a volcanic eruption began on the island of Hunga-Tonga-Hunga-Haapai in the Tonga archipelago, and on January 15, 2021, at 04:15 UTC, the eruption turned into an active explosive phase, at the final stage of which the volcano exploded. After the explosion, a shock wave formed, which circled the Earth several times, exciting on its way regional fluctuations of individual layers of the atmosphere, seas and their parts, elastic vibrations of the Earth's crust in the infrasound frequency range. In addition, according to some data, atmospheric Lamb waves were excited, and tsunami waves were generated in certain areas of the Pacific Ocean. The article focuses on the excitation of infrasound vibrations in the atmosphere–hydrosphere–lithosphere system caused by a passing atmospheric pulse generated during the explosion of the Hunga-Tonga-Hunga-Haapai volcano.