An attempt of multi-site calibration of a hydrological model to create hydrological reanalyses
Authors
- Boris I. Gartsman Institute of Water Problems RAS , Институт водный проблем РАН
- Vsevolod M. Moreydo Institute of Water Problems RAS , Институт водный проблем РАН https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1763-4096
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34753/HS.2024.6.4.330+ Keywords
+ Abstract
The use of global and regional hydrological models is a promising way to create hydrological
reanalyses – long-term retrospective data series on river runoff in any section of the river network. Methods of calibration and verification of hydrological models so far mainly use the quality indicators of modeling in a single outlet section of the basin. This approach does not solve the main problem of hydrological reanalysis - obtaining a homogeneous and maximally high-quality modeling across all calculated elements of the model, based on a single mathematically rigorous procedure. The article considers the experience of calibrating the spatially distributed ECOMAG model on several medium-sized catchments within the Amur basin. The calibration utilizes a technique that incorporates data from a group of hydrological posts within each catchment. The technique is based on the use of a multivariate version of the Nash-Sutcliffe (NSE) modeling efficiency indicator and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The developed technique allows for the optimal use of all available series of discharge observations for the basin for model calibration while preserving the conceptual and algorithmic basis of the traditional calibration procedure. It also allows, subject to a "compactness" condition, to separate the information "core" of the data system and random noise, which should provide the most adequate and stable modeling result. As a result of the noise removal procedure, the overall quality of modeling increases, and calibration "failures" at individual posts are eliminated. The advantages of the proposed calibration method are manifested depending on the hydrological regime of the basin and the quality of observation data. Effective application of the method in regions with prevalence of rain floods is possible for catchments with an area of no more than 100 000 km2, while in regions with prevalence of spring floods this value can be many times larger. The expediency of using this method in creating a hydrological reanalysis, as well as the need for its further development and testing, are undeniable.
+ Author Biographies
Sc. (Geography), Associate Professor, Chief Researcher, Institute of Water Problems RAS (Moscow, Russia), Institute of Natural and Technical systems (Sevastopol, Russia), SPIN: 7792-9120, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5876-7015 Ph. D. (Geography), Senior Researcher, Head of Laboratory of Hydroinformatics, Institute of Water Problems RAS (Moscow, Russia), SPIN: 5415-7452, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1763-4096
Boris I. Gartsman
Vsevolod M. Moreydo
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