ЛАВИНЫ КАК ФАКТОР АВАРИЙНЫХ СИТУАЦИЙ В ТЕХНОСФЕРЕ

In addition to direct material and social damage caused by snow avalanches, they also act as triggers of technological accidents and disruptions. According to the results of the statistical and geographic analysis of the author's database of natural-technological emergency situations (NTES) that occurred in Russia from 1993 to 2021, the main types of NTES caused by snow avalanches are distinguished. The most vulnerable to snow avalanches are transport infrastructure facilities (especially roads and railways), overhead power lines, communications, and recreational facilities located in the snow avalanche hazardous zone. The destruction or threat of destruction of these facilities due to snow avalanches leads to long interruptions in transport communication, disruption of power supply and other types of life support for the population. These disruptions affect also neighboring areas, which use these infrastructures. During the period under consideration, snow avalanches caused accidents and disruptions in the operation of road and railway transport in the Republics of North Ossetia-Alania, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia, Dagestan, Sakha (Yakutia), Crimea, and Altai; Khabarovsk, Krasnoyarsk, and Kamchatka territories; Sakhalin, Murmansk, Kemerovo, Irkutsk, Magadan, and Chelyabinsk regions; Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Disruptions in power supply and communications were recorded in the Republics of Kabardino-Balkaria, Dagestan, Karachay-Cherkessia, as well as in the Sakhalin Region and Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. In total, avalanche-related NTES were recorded in the database on the territory of 18 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Their frequency is greatest in the North Caucasus. The peak of events falls on March. It is necessary to monitor such events in order to prevent them further.