Об аппроксимации зависимости сопротивления грунта сдвигу от нормального давления

Soil shear resistance, depending on their physical and stressed state, is characterized by basic strength characteristics.  These characteristics determine measures to protect against such dangerous processes as mudflows, erosion and destruction of indigenous and alluvial rocks of the shores under the influence of surf and channel flow, landslides, as well as during the construction of any buildings and structures. In this regard, obtaining calculated values of the strength properties of soils is crucial. The determination of limit loads is based on the experimental relationship between pressure and soil shear resistance. According to the regulatory documentation, this dependence is assumed to be linear, and the determination of the shear resistance of soils used in laboratory studies is performed at normal pressure, most often assumed to be 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 MPa. Considering that most existing and projected buildings and structures, including engineering protection structures, have a low load on the base (less than 0.1 MPa), the study of soil samples was carried out not only in the recommended range of normal pressure of 0.1-0.3 MPa, but also at lower values. In the case of standard loads recommended by GOST, the dependence of soil shear resistance on normal pressure can be approximated by a straight line. But in the area of relatively low pressures, this dependence is nonlinear. This pattern was confirmed in all numerous laboratory tests on samples of both cohesive and non-cohesive soils prepared in accordance with the relevant regulatory documentation, as well as on samples of monoliths of cohesive soil taken directly from coastal outcrops. Similar results were previously obtained by one of the founders of Russian soil science N.A. Cytovich. However, in later works, he shifted the focus specifically to the linear component of the dependence under study. The selection of the most suitable function for its approximation, performed in this paper, showed that it is a power function.