КРИТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ РУКОВОДЯЩИХ ДОКУМЕНТОВ ПО РАСЧЁТУ РАЗВИТИЯ ГИДРОДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ АВАРИЙ

The guidance documents of the Russian Federation (RD 03-607-03 and RD 09-391-00) present calculation methods of hydrodynamic accidents in storage tanks and facilities for liquid industrial and waste. Because the accidents at such facilities represent a breakthrough of a dam with the formation of a hole in its body, there is used a methodological framework developed for ground dams of any purpose for calculations. This fact made it possible to consider the applicability of these documents to the reservoir dam on the Kokpekty River in Kazakhstan, where an accident occurred in March 2014.

An analysis of the applicability of the considered guidance documents showed that the values of the most parameters calculated by them do not correspond to reality and / or have no physical sense, they cannot be used in practice. In particular, the considered documents do not take into account the time for the formation of erosion tracks, which puts to an error (by an order of magnitude) in the estimating time of a break formation. There is taken the rectangular shape of the tracks in the considered guidelines, although in practice it is trapezoidal in most cases. Comparison of the calculated and measured sizes of the erosion tracks showed their difference by two times. Even the size of the erosion track according to the proposed formula may differ by 25% depending on the selected calculation step. RD 03-607-03 and RD 09-391-00 give different formulas for hydraulic size calculating, which puts to a difference by 1.65 times. Moreover, there is used the kinematic viscosity instead of the dynamic one while the hydraulic size calculating. One of the most important characteristics, the transporting (erosion) flow ability, in the considered documents is dimensionless and has no physical sense. It is also notable that the proposed guidance documents, in violation of GOST 8.417-2002, use non-standardized dimension values and in the same formula coexist as multiplier meters, centimeters and millimeters.

Thus, RD 03-607-03 and RD 09-391-00 are not recommended for use in calculation of hydrodynamic accidents and flooding zones, these documents require immediate revision.