ОЦЕНКА ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ СП 33-101-2003 ДЛЯ РАСЧЁТОВ МАКСИМАЛЬНОГО СТОКА НА ПРИМЕРЕ ВОДНОБАЛАНСОВОЙ СТАНЦИИ МЕЖДУРЕЧЬЕ

Reliable determination of the main calculated hydrological characteristics of the territory in the process of engineering surveys and design today is associated with many problems. One of such problems is the imperfection and inconsistency of the legislative and regulatory documentation on the basis of which these calculations are carried out. Another problem is the lack of up-to-date hydrological information and unsatisfactory accuracy of monitoring data. Calculations are performed based on the characteristics and observations of the last century, which often do not reflect the current state of the underlying surface. Comparison and analysis of various methodological approaches and their comparison with real characteristics is given in this article on the example of the Scientific and Industrial Research Association Gidrotehproekt opened in 2014 on the border of the Valdai and Smolensk-Moscow hills of the water balance station "Mezhdurechye". Active economic activity (or vice versa, its termination) has a significant impact on the hydrological characteristics of territories and requires consideration when performing calculations. Climate changes are not taken into account when using observations made more than 50 years ago in calculations. This article evaluates changes in watershed characteristics over the past 100 years based on large-scale cartographic materials and analyzes the impact of these changes on the calculations of maximum runoff using the methods used and real data of the water balance station. The validity of generally accepted methodological approaches and the use of the concept of "hydrological analogy" in calculating the flow of small rivers of the forest zone was also evaluated. Based on the observations and calculations carried out, a conclusion is made about the illegality of choosing an analog pool according to the criteria prescribed in the regulatory documents. The calculated values obtained according to the methods used may differ by orders of magnitude from the actual values, which is unacceptable for use in the design and calculation of structures and requires the development of more adequate approaches to these calculations, taking into account the landscape and hydrographic changes taking place on the territory, including during the period of operation of structures under construction.